What is the least effective method in the hierarchy of controls for managing hazards?

The least effective method in the hierarchy of controls for managing hazards is personal protective equipment (PPE). This approach is at the top of the hierarchy because it does not eliminate or reduce the hazard itself but instead relies on protecting the individual from exposure to the hazard.

While PPE can be essential in safeguarding workers against various risks, its effectiveness is contingent upon proper use and maintenance. It is often seen as a last resort after more effective methods, such as substitution, engineering controls, and administrative controls, have been implemented. Substitution involves replacing a hazardous material with a less hazardous one, engineering controls entail redesigning equipment or processes to minimize exposure, and administrative controls focus on changes in workplace policies or procedures to reduce risk. All these approaches aim to address the hazard itself, making them more effective at reducing risk compared to relying solely on PPE.